The beamsplitter cube is constructed using two typical right-angle prisms, one of which has a coating on the hypotenuse surface, and the two prisms are glued together to form a cube.

The beamsplitter cube is a regular hexahedron with an angular error of 2 to 5 seconds between adjacent faces, and 3 to 5 adjacent faces are coated with reflective films and cross-marks. Therefore, in the development of spacecraft, the cube mirror coordinate system can be directly constructed by measuring the normal of the reflecting surface of the cubic reference prism through an electronic theodolite, and used to represent the spatial position of the product.

A beam splitter is an optical component used to split incident light into two different beams at a specified ratio. In addition, a beam splitter cube can be used to combine two different beams into a single beam in turn. According to the structure, beam splitters can generally be classified as cube beam splitters or plate beam splitters.

Standard beam splitters are often used with non-polarized light sources such as natural light sources or polychromatic light sources, and are used in applications where the polarization state is not important. They are designed to split non-polarized light at a specific reflection/transmission (R/T) ratio with no specified polarization tendency.

Non-polarizing beamsplitters split light at a specific R/T ratio while maintaining the original polarization state of the incident light. For example, if a 50/50 non-polarizing beamsplitter is used, the transmitted P-polarization and the reflected P-polarization and S-polarization states will be split according to the designed ratio.